7 Tech Nonprofits that are Changing the World 


Throughout the past decade, innovators have been finding more and more new ways to address tech-related needs across the world, causing the quantity of tech nonprofits to skyrocket. According to the founder of Fast Forward, a nonprofit accelerator in the Bay Area, the number of new tech nonprofits is increasing by over 30% every year.

Similar to tech startups, nonprofits are able to take advantage of the constantly evolving world of technology. Cloud computing, omnipresent mobile devices, and social media, just to name a few factors, make it incredibly easy for organizations to benefit the world through tech. There are countless amazing tech nonprofits, but here are just a few that you should know about.

[**Guardian Project**](https://guardianproject.info/)
Despite the revolutionary advancement accompanying smartphones, many issues arise, including decreased security and privacy. Guardian Project actively combats this problem by developing secure apps and open-source software libraries that are convenient to use, regardless of where you’re from or who you are. As mobile communication advances and becomes less secure, Guardian Project aims to safeguard users and their privacy.

[**Center for Democracy and Technology**](https://cdt.org/)
Technology policies have a significant impact on the ways we interact with the digital world. The Center for Democracy and Technology strives to promote democratic values and ensure that laws are encouraging people to use technology for the betterment of the world. They aim to decrease government censorship and surveillance while simultaneously protecting the rights and privacy of citizens. In the midst of a digital revolution, it’s easy to lose sight of individual rights, but it’s crucial to protect them in order to use technology ethically.

[**KoBo Toolbox**](https://www.kobotoolbox.org/#home)
The most critical aspect of saving lives after humanitarian crises such as hurricanes and typhoons is to collect reliable information. However, understanding the needs of the population is often neglected due to the need to quickly gather and analyze this information. KoBo Toolbox works on developing an open-source suite of data collection tools that address this issue. Their software is entirely free and is typically used by professionals addressing crises and researchers in developing countries. With the software that KoBo Toolbox provides, it’s possible to collect crucial data safely, quickly, and ethically.

[**One Laptop Per Child**](http://one.laptop.org/)
Technology is developing faster than ever, and with this comes the ubiquity of computers and the importance of learning how to use them. However, many children around the world don’t have access to computers and are therefore unable to explore the endless possibilities of digital technology. One Laptop Per Child attempts to remedy this by producing low-cost, powerful, and ecological laptops for underprivileged children living in less affluent communities. By opening infinite doors for countless children, One Laptop Per Child works toward a more advanced and equitable future.

[**NPower**](https://www.npower.org/)
In the present day, over 70% of jobs require some sort of digital or technological skill, but the job market has fallen behind. Out of the 6 million jobs that require technological prowess, only 3.2 million people are equipped with the skills necessary for them. NPower focuses on training military veterans and young adults so that they can succeed in the digital economy. They envision a future in which gender, race, and socioeconomic status don’t hold people back from pursuing prosperous careers.

[**Code.org**](https://code.org/)
The vast majority of students who go through the K-12 public education system take a set of common STEM subjects, such as algebra, chemistry, and biology. However, despite the exponential advancement of technology in recent years, many students don’t have the opportunity to study computer science before college. Code.org aims to make computer science part of the core K-12 curriculum so that students are better equipped for their future in such a tech-dominated society. So far, they’ve impacted tens of millions of students and teachers with their programs.

[**Girls Who Code**](https://girlswhocode.com/)
In 1995, 37% of engineers were females. Since then, this number has dropped to an astounding 24%, and will continue to decline unless drastic changes are made. Similar to Code.org, Girls Who Code aims to increase students’ access to coding-related opportunities, particularly girls and other underrepresented minorities. By influencing girls ages 13-17, Girls Who Code aims to expose girls to the world of programming while they’re still young and change the image of what a programmer is, thereby closing the gender gap.

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Looking at all these amazing missions, it’s clear that rapidly advancing technology can be used for so much more than starting enormous corporations and making billions of dollars. With tech becoming so prevalent in the modern day, it’s crucial that we use it not just to convenience ourselves, but also to better society.

I'm currently building [1Academy](https://1academy.org), so if you have any questions, feel free to message me on [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/calix-huang/)!

Written by Katie Li, edited by [Calix Huang](https://www.linkedin.com/in/calix-huang/).


Burnout


Burnout. What an interesting concept isn’t it?

You hear about it all over social media. People tell you about it. Sometimes you even feel burnt out. There’s so much info everywhere that I’m not gonna write about what burnout is, or what steps you should take to fix it. I just want to share my personal experience with it, and how I’ve dealt with it.

I’ve experienced a lot of burnout. I work on different projects, startups, and internships for around 12-15 hours every day, including weekends. I never take days where I don’t work at all; those days are called vacations, and it’s only possible when I’m not allowed within a 5-mile radius of my laptop.

With a lot of constant work comes burnout, and my burnout comes in cycles. Maybe I’d have 1-2 weeks of solid, consistent work, and then hit a point of burnout after that amount of time. After I’ve dealt with it, the cycle just repeats. Now, I’ve never taken a class or read an article about how to deal with burnout and fully understood it because, frankly, I suck at reading, and I also don’t know if this “cycle” is considered healthy. But, what I do know is that dealing with burnout is really not that complex.

**So Calix, if it’s not that complex, then how do you deal with burnout?**

It’s easy. **You rest. You take breaks.** But, you need to be able to rest properly.

I know what you’re thinking: “Calix, that’s the most idiotic statement I’ve ever heard. How does someone rest properly??”

**And like any engineer, I have to say it depends.**

What does it depend on? Well, everyone’s different. And you can’t trust every article you see online on “how to fix burnout” to give you the answer. But, the short answer is that you need to do what you enjoy, **but it must be unrelated to your work.**

For me, I’m one of those people that some could call a workaholic. If I’m not working, I’m thinking about my work. I’m ideating different strategies when I’m away from a computer. I’m writing down notes and new ideas on my phone. I’m always thinking about it.

So, taking a “spa day” or a “self-care day” isn’t gonna help me at all. I’m not the type to sit down and read a book, or just chill on the couch for fun. I do things that occupy my mind, but aren’t necessarily challenging me.

But, I love playing tennis. As not many people know, I used to play competitive tennis around the national level. Though I stopped playing competitively years ago, I still enjoy going out to the courts a couple times a week to play with friends and family. It’s enjoyable because my level skill has not diminished, and I can play with peace of mind without that competitive edge. It’s a great way for me to relax, take my mind off of work, and sharpen my focus towards something good for my mind and body.

Tennis is a great way for me to relax, but for others, it may be different.

My advice to you? **Find what you enjoy the most that’s completely unrelated to your work, and go do that.**

Enjoy knitting? Knit something. Basketball? Go shoot some hoops. Rest doesn’t always mean relaxing your body, but relaxing your mind. Take your mind off of your work, so that you can truly take a break and come back refreshed.

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At the end of the day, burnout is inevitable, and not always a bad thing. Burnout is a sign that you’re trying and working hard; those who don’t push themselves and strive to become better every day will never burn out of their work. Allow it to shift your perspective as a reminder to enjoy things outside of work, and to take care of yourself. You don’t need to dedicate an entire day for “self-care,” just rest and enjoy your hobbies every day.


Freelancing in High School — Should You Do It?


We all want to make money. In high school, your amount of freedom varies from family to family. But, most high school students have the freedom to make money on their own and spend it on whatever they want. Now, there are many ways to make money in high school. Some ways are glamorous, others, not so much. And one way to make awesome money is freelancing!

Freelancing is a great way to make money. You get control of your own schedule, you get to pick and choose the clients you want to serve, and it can make you a six-figure salary easily! There’s a special aura around freelancing, and I have personally felt the pressure of getting into freelancing as a side hustle. But is it really a side hustle that you should take on in high school?

** Here are some of the pros and cons of freelancing for those in high school. **

# Pro: No degree required

No one that outsources tasks to freelancing cares about a college degree. Some may, but it matters a lot more about your skills and if you can get the job done.

When applying for full-time jobs, degrees are a metric of general knowledge, commitment, and endurance. It shows that you have a certain level of proficiency in a field of study, and stuck with it throughout several years. Freelancing gigs don’t work that way. You don’t have any papers to sign or contracts to fulfill. You just need the skills to build and deploy whatever the client needs, and have the patience to revise and improve the final product.
In certain fields such as STEM and software engineering, many of the freelancing jobs that you will land will not apply to what you learn in college. Specifically, computer science degrees are mostly theoretical and focus on topics that aren’t applicable to modern-day technology. Those who graduate from coding bootcamps or are self-taught are much more appealing to clients.
Degrees become obsolete in the world of freelancing, and it has helped many college students and dropouts kickstart their careers.

# Con: It’s hard to land jobs

Freelancing is a great side hustle and a great career choice, but no one ever said it was going to be easy. The freelancing community is a highly competitive space, and those who don’t prove themselves and stand out from the competition will be eclipsed by those who do. This especially holds true for those just getting started in freelancing, and that applies to almost all high schoolers.

Here are some reasons why standing out as a freelancer in high school is hard:

## You don’t have enough experience
Remember, you’re competing with professional freelancers with years of experience in the field. They have more past experience than you, which naturally helps them strategize and land more jobs than you can. Don’t take it personally, they’ve built up their status from their hard work and dedication, so expect that to be a roadblock.
You may not have more experience than your competitors, but you can get that over time.

## You don’t have enough credibility
Your competitors have a lot of experience, and with that comes a lot of ratings and testimonials. More than likely, they probably have really high ratings and amazing testimonials. This is something that makes them stand out the most, and it’s what is most comforting and appealing to clients. They want freelancers who have experience in freelancing and proof that others were satisfied with their service.

And can you blame them? If you were in their shoes, would you take the freelancer with tons of great testimonials, an amazing portfolio of projects, and a 5-star rating? Or would you choose the freelancer with no experiences, no testimonials, no ratings, and no portfolio?

Credibility is one of the most important pieces of freelancing, and it definitely shows throughout the community.

# You don’t have the knowledge to land jobs

This is a simple issue, and it has nothing to do with your competition. Sometimes, you simply don’t have the knowledge or skills to apply for the job, making it impossible to stand out. If you don’t have the skills to apply for the job, you’ll either have to find a different job or learn what you need to complete it.

## Your hourly rates are too high
Hourly rates are very important to pay attention to because those outsourcing jobs to freelancers don’t want to pay a whole lot of money. Though credibility and the skills of the freelancer matter, so does how much the clients will be paying them. It’s simple: clients are more inclined to pay the freelancer who has a cheaper hourly rate.

So, with this in mind, you have to be conscious of how much you’re charging per hour. Especially if you have no credibility or experience, you want to charm clients with your hourly rate. You want to show how cheap your service is, enticing clients with smaller budgets to take a chance on you. This is how you can slip through the cracks and land clients where bigger freelancers can’t.

Professional freelancers have adapted to this situation and placed their hourly rates low as well. Just when you think your hourly rate is low, chances are there will be a big freelancer with tons of credibility at the same rate, or even lower. Many big freelancers live outside the United States, so they can afford to put their hourly rates extremely low.
My tip on hourly rates is to look at your competitors and find their hourly rates. Then, put your hourly rate below them by a decent amount. Sure, you may not make as much money, but then at least you’ll have a chance at landing clients.

# Pro: It’s great for work experience

Work experience is highly coveted when applying for any job, and if you don’t plan on freelancing for a career, you’ll definitely need it when applying for jobs in the future. And what better experience to put on your resume than freelancing?

Freelancing shows employers that:
* You have the skills to build real-world products and solve real-world problems
* You have good digital communication
* You are capable of working with clients and making product revisions
* You are not a beginner!

This holds especially true for high school students. Many employers have a mindset that high school students are beginners, and don’t have the skills, knowledge, or ability to work in their preferred industry. Not to mention that many high school students are constantly searching for jobs to fill up their resume, and freelancing can finally help students put something impressive to add.

Another thing that freelancing can do is add to your portfolio. Portfolio projects confirm to future employers that you know what you’re doing and measures your skill level in action. They are very important, and freelancing jobs automatically add new projects to your portfolio that you can show with pride.

# Con: It’s an unstable business

Freelancing is very unstable. Freelancers can make a lot of money, but they can also make absolutely nothing.
Freelancing goes based on supply and demand. There is a demand for outsourcing for some businesses, and freelancers supply that need for cheap work being finished. But, there can be external factors that can crash the entire freelancing business. Some of these may be:
* The global trends have shifted
* There’s a market crash
* There’s too much competition in freelancing

Focusing more on the competition in freelancing, there is a lot of competition. For those who live in the United States, there are jobs everywhere. Thousands of job listings are posted online every day, and many of those positions can be filled by high school students. But, for those who don’t live in the United States, jobs may be hard to find. People in other countries don’t have the same opportunities as those in America. But, with modern-day technology and the Internet, freelancing has been made accessible for almost anyone with a computer. So, if you look at freelancing platforms like Upwork or Fiverr, much of the competition live in countries outside America. And because of the currency differences, USD is worth a lot more to those outside America, allowing them to place their hourly rates even lower than those who live in the US.

Freelancing is an incredibly risky business to sink your teeth into, but it can reap a great reward.

# Pro: No time commitments

High school students don’t have the option of working a full-time job, because they are already fully-invested into school. This is another reason why freelancing is so amazing is because it doesn’t require any time commitments.
Freelancing is incredibly flexible. You can only gain as much as you work, making it perfect for high school students who don’t have too much time each day.

Here are some of the differences between freelancing and working a job:
* Freelancing
  * You choose what projects to work on
  * You choose how much you get paid
  * You choose when you work
  * You choose how long you work for
  * Quit and join the freelancing community as you please
  * Work from anywhere
* Job
  * You must work the number of hours required
  * You must work within a certain time range
  * Superiors assign you tasks
  * Some jobs may require you to come into their office for work

As a high school student and freelancer, you have the flexibility to place your freelancing duties around your school schedule, while still making time to spend with your family and friends.

# Con: It’s very limiting

Freelancing is very flexible, but at the same time, it’s very limiting. It is flexible in the sense that you can work on whenever you want, wherever you want. But, in terms of the work you will be completing, it’s very limit, and here’s why:

## There’s nothing new to learn

Clients who hire you as a freelancer expect you to be an expert at whatever you’re doing. They don’t have a designated amount of time where you can learn how to use a certain technology or learn a new concept. In this context, freelancing doesn’t allow you to learn new things because you will be working on projects that exploit your strengths and not your weaknesses.

## It’s not an outlet for creativity

You are not an employee of your client’s business. You have no control or influence over anyone within your client’s business, so you have no right to object to certain decisions, request new features, or add your own personal twist on the project. You are simply a freelancer that has no affiliation with the company besides your temporary outsourcing service.

## No real career growth

Besides work experience and monetary benefits, freelancing is not a platform to help you grow your career. It may be a stepping stone to something bigger, but it is certainly not a career that will make you rich, famous, or extremely successful. There’s no doubt that freelancing will stick around, as it poses as a major benefit to businesses and individuals around the world, but it will never be more than that.

# Conclusion

Though freelancing may seem like a risky business, there’s no harm in trying. High school is the time where we can explore our interests and jumpstart our careers, so what better time to try freelancing than in high school? There are many roadblocks in freelancing, and chances are you won’t be successful in the first few weeks or months. But, if you stick with it, some success is bound to come, and that will automatically put you ahead of almost all of your peers.

This was not meant to encourage or discourage anyone from freelancing, but simply to show the reasons why it could be beneficial or detrimental. I simply gathered every reason why freelancing is a good and bad idea and presented it for you to decide.

I'm currently building [1Academy](https://1academy.org), so if you have any questions, feel free to message me on [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/calix-huang/)!


Guide for First-Time Hackathon Goers


Hackathons are a great way to build something cool whether you’re a beginner or a seasoned programmer.

If you don’t know what a hackathon is, it’s a 24-48 hour competition where competitors ideate, build, and pitch a project underneath a certain theme that organizers set for the entire event. Hackathons are super popular, and it’s now gone international. Especially with the current pandemic, there has been a huge uproar in online hackathons, allowing people from around the world to attend these events as long as they all have internet connection.

Now for people who have attended hackathons before, this may not apply to you. But, for the people who have never attended a hackathon before, I’d love to give you some tips on navigating your first hackathon, what to do and what not to do to make it a great first experience!

## 1. Don’t stay up the entire time
A lot of first-time hackathon go-ers always stay up the whole entire event. Especially if the event is > 24 hours long, you definitely want to get some sleep in the middle of the event. This is a mistake that I and many other people I know made because you feel like you need to optimize every minute. But, not sleeping really takes a toll not just on your health, but your focus nearing the end of the event which is really bad since you need to present to judges and run audits.

**So, make sure you get some sleep, because you’ll need it nearing the end of the event.**

## 2. Spend a lot of time on the presentation
The presentation/pitching part of each hackathon is probably one of the biggest parts of the event that competitors overlook. It’s a hackathon, so you should be focusing on building it and nothing else right? Well, that’s true if that’s all you care about, which is completely fine. But, if you are competing to win, you need to set a good 3-4 hour chunk of time nearing the end of the event to focus on your presentation with your team. Though the project you build is important, the way it is presented to the judges is super important.

Being a judge myself, I can say for sure that we have to watch **a lot** of presentations. I don’t have the attention span to sit and watch boring presentations for 1-2 hours straight, and I’m sure it’s the same story for other judges. But, when I see a presentation that’s well designed, executed, and presented, it catches my eye, and it sinks in my head during the judging process and actually makes their project look better than it actually is.

**The presentation is crucial to winning hackathons, so give you and your team enough time to execute it well.**

## 3. Continue projects after the hackathon
I cannot tell you how many times I’ve seen people start their project on an idea and foundation that’s so strong and stable, and yet, never continue their project after the hackathon to make it better. What you have to realize is that 24 hours is not enough time to make something good. At the end of the event, your project will probably suck with a bunch of bugs, vulnerabilities, and missing features. But, if you continue to work on it after the event, it could be a major addition to your portfolio, and maybe even become a startup!

One of my best projects, Ano.js, started from a hackathon that I won back in November 2019, and worked on it for another 5 months after the event had ended. But, if I hadn’t worked on it after the event ended, it would’ve just been another cool project that no one uses.

**Continue projects after the event - that’s what brings the most potential.**

## 4. Enjoy the event
In the end, hackathons are a fun event. You won’t lose anything if you don’t win, a lot of the times there’s no entry fee, and there’s nothing on the line except winning prizes. It’s important to actually enjoy the event, meet new people, attend workshops, learn something new, etc. Don’t just go for the prizes, or the clout you get when winning. Hackathons can bring about amazing opportunities that are completely unrelated to the actual event, so make sure you’re alert for it. For example, I’ve been offered positions at startups, met great people and mentors, and made connections with other competitors and sponsor ambassadors.

**Make sure you enjoy yourself and the event, don’t just focus on winning.**

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## Last thoughts
Just be sure to keep in mind that winning or participating in a hackathon is not that big of a deal. Some people like to do it to put something on their resume, but it should be an enjoyable experience. Even though it is considered a competition, the best results come out of it when you don’t treat it as such. Treat it as a fun event to meet new people, learn something new, work on new projects, add to your portfolio, and maybe win something cool :)

I'm currently building [1Academy](https://1academy.org), so if you have any questions, feel free to message me on [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/calix-huang/)!


How do I get started in programming?


If you take a look at a huge group of different programmers, each person's experience and learning methodology differs from a lot of others significantly.       

Some might have taken online classes in their own free time, some of them built foundations through Roblox or similar gaming sites, and some of them  took classes in school.

However, no matter where you begin or where you end up, no matter if your desire to program is purely professional, purely passionate, or somewhere in the middle, learning to program will give you the same couple of things: an altered, more logical view of the world, confidence in yourself and your abilities, and a new, highly applicable skill that will help you just about anywhere you go.

## What is even is programming?
Programming is defined as the process of designing and building an executable computer program to accomplish a specific computing result. To put it even simpler, programming is just talking to the computer in a language it can understand. Coding languages can seem intimidating, littered with numbers, parenthesis, and other characters incomprehensible in the etymological context. However, in a way, learning Python and learning Spanish are the same. Once you learn the rules and develop a basic vocabulary in the language, the rest is pretty simple.

Just like anything else, the speed and ease at which programming is mastered is proportional to the investment. This does not mean how much money you spend on your online course, though. Mental engagement is the key to developing an understanding and fluency in your chosen language and skillset. This doesn’t necessarily mean programming is your life’s calling or even a major hobby. It does mean that you have to **WANT** to learn it. If you’re somehow not enamored by the elaborate capabilities of modern technology, the power of artificial intelligence, the precision of robotic surgical tools, or the capacity for Google to sort through billions upon billions of digital mediums to find relevant materials to your random 3:00 AM muling in seconds, there are still plenty of other incentives to engage that driving desire towards programming.

In an increasingly digitized age, especially with the recent global challenges preventing much of the face-to-face, old-fashioned communication your grandparents reminisce about, programming will further your life. There’s no doubt about that. It is applicable in every profession, traditional or novel, and even if it isn’t used on a day to day basis in your specific occupation, it will be a glamorous addition to your resumé. Not to mention, it’s always fun to flaunt your coding abilities to your friends, family, and colleagues. Additionally, as aforementioned, it will improve confidence and problem-solving abilities. These two skills are salient when applied to any discipline of life.

## Where can I learn programming?
There are obvious places to learn like at school or at a bootcamp, but here are some online resources you can use as well:

**Udemy**  

Udemy is a service offering virtual programming courses on a plethora of languages and skill sets, ranging from 3-50 hours. There is an instructor and a syllabus-style learning environment deemed highly effective by its users. However, it does have a fee. Each course requires an individual payment, but does have a money-back guarantee within 30 days of purchase. If the course does not fit your learning style or isn’t teaching what you expected, there’s no monetary loss.

**Codecademy**  

Codecademy, on the other hand, is a self paced resource to begin learning any language for free. There is a catch, though: you can only go so far without switching to a paid membership. If you do not have the means to pay for a coding course, it can still help to build a foundation, and if you do, this may be a great resource for you. However, it does require self-discipline, as the structure of your programming education is completely in your own hands.

**FreeCodeCamp**  

FreeCodeCamp, as opposed to the previous two, is a completely free service. It is not nearly as popular, but does offer a gamut of helpful resources to begin the coding experience.

**1Academy**  

1Academy is a free online platform that curates the best content from the Internet into engaging courses that anyone can take! 1Academy offers courses in music production, philosophy, design, etc. But specifically, it has tons of courses on different programming languages, frameworks, and technologies to dip your feet into an take a look! Check it out here: [1academy.org](https://1academy.org)

## Which technologies serve which purposes?
Different programming languages and frameworks help serve different purposes in different applications - here is the breakdown:

**Websites**
* HTML/CSS (Frontend)
* Javascript
* React.js (Frontend)
* Angular.js (Frontend)
* Vue.js (Frontend)
* Node.js/Express (Backend)
* Python
    * Flask (Backend)
    * Django (Backend)
* Ruby
  * Ruby on Rails (Backend)
* Java
  * Sprint Boot (Backend)
* C#
  * .NET Core (Backend)

**Mobile apps**
* Swift (iOS)
* Java (Android)
* Ionic (React/Angular/Vue) (Cross-platform)
*  React Native (Cross-platform)

**Desktop apps**
*  Java (MacOS & Windows)
* C# (Windows)
* Swift/Objective-C (MacOS)

**Game development**
* Unity (C#)
* Unreal (C++)

**Data Science, Machine Learning, and Artificial Intelligence**
* Python
  * Tensorflow
  * Keras
  * PyTorch
  * OpenCV

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In the end, it is up to you to find the language that fits your interests and applications best!

I'm currently building [1Academy](https://1academy.org), so if you have any questions, feel free to message me on [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/calix-huang/)!

Written by Katie Li, edited by [Calix Huang](https://www.linkedin.com/in/calix-huang/).


How To Escape Tutorial Hell


Ever been trapped in tutorial hell? It is the absolute worst place for beginners starting out in software engineering to be, and yet so many people get sucked into it.

This problem only arose to me when a friend of mine, Anthony Kuang, reached out to me for help. He was struggling with being stuck in tutorial hell, and I gave him some advice. A question arose in my head, “How many other people are struggling with tutorial hell as well?”

# What is tutorial hell?
If you’re unfamiliar with what tutorial hell is, it is a phase of learning where the victim is dependent on tutorials and direct teaching and stays that way. Those in tutorial hell are incapable of learning new topics and technologies without help from others or a guided tutorial. Tutorial hell is like quicksand — if you don’t escape fast, you will just be sinking deeper and deeper into it.

I have nothing against tutorials, I love tutorials! Many software engineers, including myself, have jumpstarted their career learning from tutorials and online resources. Though tutorials are great, one flaw is that it never challenges you to think for yourself. Tutorials are amazing tools to learn from and get started, but remember, it is only a tool. Tutorials help you learn concepts you wouldn’t be able to learn on your own, but it will not teach you everything you need to know. You could take a tutorial on everything you could possibly need to know to land a job as a software engineer, but somewhere along the line, you’re going to have to think for yourself. If you can’t think for yourself, be creative, and solve problems on your own, you won’t get anywhere in software engineering.

# Why do people get stuck in tutorial hell?
Tutorial hell is notorious for sucking in beginners in software engineering because tutorials are a fundamental way of learning. But there are two big reasons why people get caught and stuck in tutorial hell:

## People think tutorial hell is how you learn
Though they may not know it, some people truly think that tutorial hell is how you learn, so they willingly go from tutorial to tutorial, building boilerplate projects. This isn’t their fault, they just were never taught better. But, mimicking an instructor’s code and thoughts is not productive or smart. It limits creativity and doesn’t really teach you anything if you never think for yourself.

## People don’t care enough to escape
Some people just don’t like programming, and that’s fine. But, this doesn’t just apply to the people who don’t want to continue down the path of software engineering. This also applies to the people who want a career in technology, but don’t want to put in the work to really master their craft. Learning is never easy, it’s really hard to start to understand something you’ve never encountered before. But, if you’re not willing to put in the work to truly understand what you’re learning, either quit or get off your ass.

# How can you escape tutorial hell?
The part we’ve all been waiting for. There are many things you can do to escape tutorial hell, but these are three things I did to avoid tutorial hell altogether, as well as escape it for anyone trapped in it.

## Play around with the code
In the middle of the tutorial and you learn a new function, method, or framework, pause the tutorial. Look at the code you just wrote and tinker with it. Change numeric values, write quick scripts on the side, and modify the code as a whole to see how it changes. This will help you understand the code on a deeper level and the active thinking will help the concept drill deeper into your brain. This is one of the easiest ways you can avoid tutorial hell altogether. This forces you to think on your own and observe the changes that occur when the code is changed.

## Build milestone projects
At the end of each tutorial or at certain milestones within the course, I strongly encourage everyone to build a project or a mini-project using the technology they just learned. It forces you to truly think on your own, think creatively, and solve the problems on your own. Don’t follow a tutorial for this project (that defeats the whole purpose), but instead use what you learned to build something that you can call your own. I can say that some of my best projects were built right after I learned how to use a new framework or tool. It not only helps you learn the concept deeper, but it adds to your portfolio!
Sometimes, it’s a bit hard to come up with project ideas. If you ever need help coming up with project ideas, please feel free to connect and message me on [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/calix-huang/).

## Teach someone else
When you teach someone a certain concept, you need to know it well enough to be able to explain it in your own words. This really gets your brain going, and helps you learn better and faster. I know personally that when I’ve taught others certain concepts and topics, I come out of it understanding it better than if I hadn’t. It’s a really great way to solidify and validate your knowledge of the subject, and will, in turn, help you escape, tutorial hell.

Tutorial hell is not fun. You feel like you don’t know what you’re doing, and you feel powerless to stop it. I hope I provided some insight and helpful advice to those struggling with tutorial hell, and how to escape it. The most important thing to keep in mind when thinking about tutorial hell is to never give up and to really be passionate about what you’re learning. If you don’t care enough about what you’re learning, you’re never going to take the extra effort to understand it.

I'm currently building [1Academy](https://1academy.org), so if you have any questions, feel free to message me on [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/calix-huang/)!


My Experience at Urspace Labs 2020 (so far)


Applying to Urspace Labs 2020 was such a great decision looking back on it. Being able to learn more about product design and development here has been such a blast and so informational, that it's even inspired me to learn more about product management outside of this fellowship! But to give more context, I'll take you back to March 2020.

## March 2020
I was looking for something to do in the summer. I had plans of course: renew my internship, take a few courses, and maybe start a new initiative or something. But one thing that I had never done was take part in a summer program that wasn't chosen by my parents. I applied to Bluestamp Engineering (HS engineering program), Leangap & LaunchX (entrepreneurship programs for HS students), as well as a few fellowships for MLH, CodeDay, and of course, Urspace.

## May 2020
I had been accepted into Bluestamp, Leangap, and LaunchX, but rejected from MLH & CodeDay (which was super disappointing).
LaunchX was my dream program - I had seen my friends attend and build their own companies and I wanted to do the same! But let's just say the tuition was not friendly. It was around $7,000 for 2 months at the University of Michigan, and they didn't accept my financial aid application. I decided to research more about it and found that LaunchX wasn't as glamorous as it sounded. Students didn't actually dorm at UMich, but at a local college 1 hour from there. Most companies created at LaunchX weren't officially registered, and most died out right after the program ended because of commitment. After this research, I concluded I wasn't attending LaunchX, and to be honest, Leangap and Bluestamp weren't as good but still just as expensive.
After being accepted, Urspace Labs was my choice! But I didn't know what to expect until we started. (I actually applied as a PM fellow as my first choice but was accepted for engineering, but I won't hold that against them 😉)
June-July 2020 - Urspace Labs!

Once we kicked off the program, I knew that this was going to be interesting. Not because I was mostly surrounded by college students (that's pretty normal for me), but the fact that the group was so small, and that there was such attention to detail. I was amazed at how friendly everyone was, and how cool each of my team members were! This program so far has really shown me that it's not an easy process to ideate new product ideas, and gave me the discipline to actually write out technical product specs and system diagrams so we'd stay organized.

## What I've learned so far
I find the way product management and engineering has been presented to me by the Urspace team is so amazing, because it's seeded interest in me to learn more about product. I'm currently taking an online course for product managers, and I've learned a really cool concept about full-stack web applications, and how the client and the server can actually be separated into separate repositories and even deployed on different platforms, and how a REST API can be integrated to facilitate the communication between them. And looking back on LaunchX, I'm so glad I chose Urspace Labs over that. A few of my friends who are in the virtual program are doing things that I'm doing at Urspace Labs, but at a slower pace, lower difficulty, and higher tuition.

I'm so happy to have my amazing team members Nicole, Jasmine, and Rishik to work with for the rest of this fellowship, and we got super lucky having such an awesome mentor like Don to guide us along the way 😄

I'm currently building [1Academy](https://1academy.org), so if you have any questions, feel free to message me on [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/calix-huang/)!


My First Fellowship - urspace labs 2020


On June 13, 2020, I committed 10 weeks of my life to a summer fellowship called [urspace labs](https://labs.urspace.io/), led by [urspace](https://urspace.io/).

The backstory behind this decision was actually quite an interesting one, and I wrote about it here, but here’s a few things I learned over those 10 weeks!

--------------------------------------------

## It’s not just what you’re learning, but who you’re learning with
I noticed pretty early in the fellowship that I was not in the same age group as my peers. My peers were mostly upperclassmen in undergrad, new grads, with a few being rising freshmen in college. This was not the first time I had been in an environment where everyone else was much older than me, but because this cohort was so small and tight-knit, it was definitely a different experience.

Surprisingly, I didn’t feel intimidated or scared at all. Everyone was so nice and welcoming, and we had frequent coffee chats with each where we could discuss our team’s progress throughout the program and keep in touch.

This welcoming environment made it super enjoyable to learn more about product design/development. Whether it was through casual chats or weekly lectures, this environment was such an amazing experience that might not be replicated in the second iteration of this fellowship.

**Takeaway:** A bit cliche, but it’s not just what you know, but who you know, and who you’re with.

--------------------------------------------

## You don’t always need to give off an intimidating, professional attitude
Each team in the fellowship was given a mentor, which was a co-founder of urspace. It was such an amazing experience, because each co-founder was so accomplished, yet so young. They were all in their young-20s with full careers in product, design, or engineering started, all studying/graduating from prestigious schools. And yet, with all that professional backing, they were the easiest and nicest people you could ever talk with! Shoutout to [Don Morton](https://www.linkedin.com/in/don-morton/), [Emily Chung](https://www.linkedin.com/in/emilychungj/), [Vanessa Qin](https://www.linkedin.com/in/vanessaqin/), and [Alex Nakagawa](https://www.linkedin.com/in/alexnakagawa/) for being incredible mentors!

I met students from Berkeley Haas, UCLA, USC, Cornell, Dartmouth, etc. People from all these amazing schools that me and all my peers gawk at and try to work towards through our HS careers I was able to talk to at any time! And yet, not one person throughout the entire program was elitist or arrogant, and never once disrespectful. Everyone was eager to learn and didn’t use their school or past accomplishments to assert dominance or brag at all.

**Takeaway:** Don’t try to be intimidating or arrogant no matter how accomplished you are, and don’t be scared of those who are.

--------------------------------------------

## Product design comes before product development
More on the technical side, it was surprising how much time we spent not building the product, but instead planning, designing, researching, and iterating. In the 10-week program, we spent over half of it just figuring out the idea, and the rest actually working to build it.
I very much have an engineering mindset, where if I’m not building something I don’t feel like I’m very productive. Going through this kind of process was a struggle to say the least, but opened my eyes to why we focus so much on product ideation/design. If you don’t have a clear idea of what your product is, why it exists, and if people actually want it is super important, and my mentor, Don, can attest to the point that I had wanted to get better at this aspect of building a product from the start.

**Takeaway:** You need to understand your product front-to-back before you write one line of code.

--------------------------------------------

In the end, I’m so grateful for the opportunity to be a fellow for urspace labs 2020, it was definitely an experience. I got to learn so much, meet so many new and awesome people, and even continued my project on the side from the program! Shoutout to my amazing team from the program: [Nicole Chui](https://www.linkedin.com/in/nicolechui/) (PM), [Jasmine Yee](https://www.linkedin.com/in/jasmine-yee/) (Design), [Rishik Lad](https://www.linkedin.com/in/rlad/) (Engineering), as well as our amazing mentor [Don Morton](https://www.linkedin.com/in/don-morton/)!

I'm currently building [1Academy](https://1academy.org), so if you have any questions, feel free to message me on [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/calix-huang/)!


My Thoughts on High School Hackathons


High school hackathons are great. They allow people who haven't coded before getting their start, people who've already been coding for a while meeting others of the same experience, they allow companies to sponsor and get their name more recognition, and organizers to gain more knowledge on leadership and logistics. Overall, they're super beneficial for everyone, and it's a great way to extend and spread the word of technology to high school students that are prospective CS majors and future engineers.

But, something that's been in my mind since Day 1 has been the high school students organizing these events for reasons other than the benefit of the competitors or their own personal interest. My thoughts on students that pad their resume and college application is one of my biggest pet peeves, but that's an entirely different blog for another day.

Don't get me wrong, I know and have met hugely capable and amazing high school hackathon organizers like Chris Liu ([SRC Hacks](https://srchacks.com/)) and Kevin Wang ([HSHacks](https://www.hshacks.com/) & [Epsilon Hacks]). But, I've seen plenty of high school hackathon organizers who organize these events only to fill up their resume, LinkedIn, and/or college applications. And the worst part about it is that, it works! These people, whether they organize hackathons for clout or not, get into great schools like Harvard, UC Berkeley, and UCLA. At what point does organizing these events out of the interest of boosting yourself in your list of ECs become a bit shallow?

Now, I'm not going to start any drama or call anyone out, because I am in no way trying to offend anyone. I'm connected with many hackathon organizers who are very passionate about what they do, and I'd love to get everyone's opinion on this matter, whether you’ve organized a hackathon, competed in one, or never even participated!

I'm currently building [1Academy](https://1academy.org), so if you have any questions, feel free to message me on [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/calix-huang/)!


Outsourcing Development Work — Should You Do It?


Almost all companies and organizations involve some sort of tech nowadays. Technology is a booming field that is now extremely important in almost all businesses whether it be a restaurant, a nonprofit, or just a general company. From manufacturing to social services, almost all organizations require some sort of tech. Now, if you are starting or a part of an organization that needs to have some software built, it may be tough to do so if none of your team members are technical or have the skills/knowledge to build something like this.

So, a solution to this problem would be outsourcing your development work. Like any scenario, it’s not my place to say whether outsourcing development work is good or bad, but I definitely want to list the pros and cons of this to help those reading evaluate if this would be a good decision for their organization.

**DISCLAIMER:** The pros and cons listed will vary depending on specific circumstances and situations not covered here, so definitely take the time to think about if these points make sense to your circumstances.

-------------------------------

## Pro #1: Outsourcing is temporary and non-binding
A huge benefit of outsourcing development work is the fact that you don’t need to bring anyone onto your team. No need to give out equity/compensation, no onboarding process, no interviews, etc. Simply find a freelancer or a consulting firm and pass on the task to them and get it finished ASAP!

## Pro #2: Quick and easy
Depending on who you’re outsourcing to, most firms and freelancers work very fast. If you do enough research, it’s quite easy to find the right person/organization for the job to help build whatever your organization is seeking.

## Con #1: High budget
Now again, this depends on where you decide to outsource your development work, but a lot of the times the price you need to pay will be really high. If you need a landing page built, it might be a pretty cheap job, but if it’s an actual software application powering your business or an integral engine for your backend, it will no doubt be a high-budget project. One good rule of thumb would be if it’s a simple landing page or website with no functionality, outsourcing is a good idea if there are more important things to do for your organization. But, if it’s an application that powers the core of your operations or an internal tool that your team members need to interact with on a consistent basis, outsourcing may not be the greatest idea, and I’ll explain why soon.

## Con #2: No feedback iteration cycle
Now, what is a feedback iteration cycle? It is basically a cycle of feedback iteration where clients can give feedback on what they would like in the software that they’re outsourcing. If there’s something wrong with the interface or the functionality is a bit different from what they were thinking about, the developers can make those changes. Now, this becomes a big issue when an app is outsourced. At the core of outsourcing development work, it’s all about building the application with no strings attached. Consulting firms and freelancers do not stick with their clients forever, so if there are bugs and issues that come up, it can only be fixed if those firms/freelancers are nice enough to fix them for you.

## Con #3: Hard to understand the codebase returned
The biggest reason why development work should be outsourced is because no one on your team is technical. So, when the project is completed from outsourcing, all of the code built will be returned to you and you will have complete ownership over it. This is exactly what you wanted though right? You got what you wanted and have 100% ownership over it. But, this might pose a potential issue when something goes wrong with the application, because if you can’t understand the code built, then no one else will be able to fix it unless you figure it out on your own.

-------------------------------

Generally, a good consensus for outsourcing is that if you need something small like a landing page or a website built for your organization, outsourcing is a great idea. You can get it built and designed the way you want it while you and your team focuses on the more important operations. In fact, if your organization needs a custom landing page built, check out my consulting business [WebX Consulting](https://webxconsulting.com), where we’ve already served multiple clients, helping them all design, build, and deploy landing pages for their organizations.

In conclusion, outsourcing is a great concept. It helps businesses move faster, and helps compensate for technical skill in certain organizations. The decision of whether you decide to outsource development work or not is a decision that will vary between different scenarios.

I'm currently building [1Academy](https://1academy.org), so if you have any questions, feel free to message me on [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/calix-huang/)!


The Importance of Networking


Networking is super important. It helps you meet new people, stay connected with good ones, and almost always opens up doors to opportunities you would’ve never gotten without your connections. But nowadays, networking has gotten a weird connotation, and an assumption that it’s only for adults and working professionals. While most of the time this is the case, if we were to drop that stereotype, a lot of young people and students could take advantage of it and boost their career before it even starts.

Now, when I say networking, I don’t automatically mean LinkedIn. There are TONS of other places that people overlook when talking about networking. I’ve networked on LinkedIn, different online communities, in-person networking events, etc. No matter where you do it, networking is networking. Now, I’m not going to talk about **how** to network, but more about **why** you should network, and here’s why:

## 1. You can make lasting connections professionally
This is an obvious one. With networking, quality is better than quantity. And once you focus on quality, you can meet some super amazing and valuable connections! Where you decide to network also makes a difference on what kind of connections you’ll find. Different communities hold different people, and sometimes you’ll meet types of people that you won’t be able to find on places like LinkedIn.

Personally, I’ve met some **amazing** people outside of LinkedIn. For example, communities like Hack Club are filled with amazing software engineers and programmers that are lightyears ahead of me in terms of technical knowledge, and they’re all still around my age! In other networks like TKS, I’ve met some extremely accomplished entrepreneurs and students immersed in topics I can’t even fathom like quantum computing and biomedical research! I’ve met students who’ve had their companies acquired, writing apps that have hundreds of thousands of users, and have special recognition from Forbes, CNN, etc. There are so many places to make new connections even as a high school student, and even more so for those in college.

It’s obviously not just about who you meet, but how you work with them. It’s important to know who would be a valuable addition to your network and who wouldn’t be. I’ve had countless coffee chats and networking calls with people who were super nice and accomplished, but never stayed in touch because I didn’t have time. But, when you do find people that would fit nicely in your network, it’s important to act on it. For example, I met my co-founder for EdTube, [Michael Ye](https://www.linkedin.com/in/realmichaelye/), through a random networking call off of LinkedIn! We stayed in touch and he eventually pitched the idea of EdTube to me after a few calls, and we decided to start working on the idea together at that very moment! But, none of that would’ve happened if we had never stayed in contact.

## 2. Mutual benefits!
This is usually what comes to mind first when the topic of networking is brought up. Why network with people if you can’t benefit from it right? Though I don’t necessarily think that kind of mindset is good, it is worthwhile to point out that mutual benefits from networking with different people is a huge part of it. Different connections can provide you with different opportunities, and you can do the same for them! Networking is usually a good move for both parties, which makes it mutually beneficial! Especially if you decide to network with people in your field/industry of your choice and you’re able to demonstrate your skills and excellence, they might be able to give you a referral to join the company that they may be working at. Even if they don’t refer you to different companies or job positions, they can open up doors to a lot of different opportunities, such as speaking on a podcast, working on a project, or maybe even an event invitation!

Mutual benefits aren’t something that should be the goal of every networking interaction, because more than likely you will be able to benefit from making new connections even if you’re not receiving things like opportunities, referrals, etc. You can learn so many things from just talking with someone else, and learning from their past stories, experiences, and mindset!

## 3. It’s a great experience whether you make good connections or not
You’re not always going to meet valuable connections when networking. It’s like a blind date, you never know if someone is going to be a good fit for you until you talk with them, whether that be in person, over the phone, or in some other way.

I’ve had my fair share of networking calls that didn’t go the way I was hoping, or I wasn’t able to talk to someone that I thought would be a good fit for my network. Even through those calls that may have seemed unproductive to me at the time, I was able to learn something. Maybe not from them directly, but about human behavior in general. I was able to pick up on certain patterns that different people had when I started to have more frequent calls. And, depending on who you are, getting on the phone with someone completely new might be out of your comfort zone, and would therefore be a good challenge for you even if the call goes terribly wrong!

-----------------------

In the end, I think a good mindset to have when networking is that there’s always something to learn from someone. Everyone is better than you in something, and in that way they can teach you about it and you can learn more. Networking has been able to open doors for me that I would’ve never imagined, and I know many others who’ve boosted their entire careers through networking, and just getting to know other people. It really does tie in with the saying “it’s not what you know, but who you know”. In this context, it’s not just a simple, cliche saying - it’s actually true.

I'm currently building [1Academy](https://1academy.org), so if you have any questions, feel free to message me on [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/calix-huang/)!


The Misconception About Publicity


I think we can all agree that attention is nice. Though some are uncomfortable with it and prefer it less than others, attention, in a general sense, feels good. Getting recognized for your achievements, receiving praise for your hard work, and having people spend their precious time to listen, look, read, and learn about **you**.

I’m definitely no exception.

Over the last 2 years of learning about computer science, building different software projects, and extending far past my comfort zone, I’ve arrived at a place I’ve never dreamed of - building applications and companies that actually have impact.

Though these applications and companies don’t actually impact a huge amount of people, any achievement you possess is exponentially magnified when you factor in age.

I’m lucky to have gotten my start in my freshman year of high school. That might be extremely early for some, and late for others. But because of this, my achievements have gathered a bit of attention.

This resulted in me getting so many opportunities to garner attention. I was able to jump on podcasts, get interviewed for articles, speak at conferences, and much more.

Now, this is great right? Who doesn’t like to talk about themself? I would be a liar if I said I didn’t, and I love being upfront. And in the beginning, I absolutely loved being a podcast guest, speaking at events, and getting praised for my work.

---------

But just recently, I’ve noticed how shallow all of this is. Let me explain.

I was lucky enough to record a podcast episode a couple days before this post was published, and it was great! I loved the podcast, the host was super nice, welcoming, and easy to talk to, and we got to talk about my new projects and ideas.

But, just a couple of hours after finishing the recording, I saw on the podcast’s Instagram story that they were already promoting the next 2 guests that would record their episode just 2 days after mine.

Then it hit me: I’m not that special. Though every podcast is different, their goal is always to garner an audience, and sometimes that process is reliant on the hunger for attention from relatively successful people. This principle is the same for every media outlet, whether it be a podcast, a newspaper, an event, or an article publication.

So what did I learn from all of this? **I'm not that special.**

Haha I’m kidding! Sorta.

Everyone’s special. But in the context of media, press, and attention, you’re not that special. Everyone is looking out for their own interests, dreams, goals, and passions. Those closest to you value a lot, but those simply stumbling across a podcast or article written about you don’t.

You need to execute on your own goals for you and those closest to you, not the random people around the world who don’t care about what you’re doing. If you’re a nonprofit, impact those who you target in the best possible manner. If you’re a company or a startup, solve an issue in your customer’s lives and build a business off of it.

But all in all, you need to stay true to yourself, and not let your actions be fueled by something as shallow as attention.


Tips For Students Applying As a Software Engineer


Over the last couple of weeks, I've had the privilege of undergoing technical recruiting and conducting interviews for potential software engineers for [Launch Tech LLC](https://www.launchtechllc.com/), which was a very rewarding and fulfilling process, though a bit tedious at times.

Throughout this process, I've been able to notice a lot of patterns that students, high school students specifically, have when going through the recruiting process, whether it be because of lack of skills, experience, or general knowledge of how to properly act in certain professional situations. Either way, I wanted to share it so that whoever is reading this right now can avoid making the same mistakes!

## Not having projects
Projects are the backbone of any engineer, it shows us what you know what you're talking about. Not just random projects or complex projects, but projects that are actually useful and are tethered to your personal passions. There will always be projects that can be improved in terms of design, complexity, implementation, or anything else. But at the end of the day, projects are a good way to recruiters to measure the quality and skill-level of engineers, and those without any projects aren't helping their chances of being recruited, or even being interviewed.

## Writing short essay questions
We received well over 150+ applications for our first recruiting rounds, so we obviously didn't have enough time to read all essay prompts. Though we didn't read through everything, we could quickly see who did and didn't write long essay prompts, and we subconsciously took note of those who didn't take the time to write at least a semi-long essay answer, and it left an impression on us.

## Being overly enthusiastic
Everyone wants an enthusiastic candidate, but those who are over the top are offsetting. I've had people constantly call me "sir" when they're older than me, and sometimes even more skilled or experienced than me. It personally made me feel a bit uncomfortable and weird, to say the least, and that's the absolute last thing you want to make any recruiter, or anyone in general you're going to work with to feel.

Though this was a bit of a short article and there's definitely a lot of things I could've touched on as well, I think that these are 3 huge reasons why I decided to reject so many applicants, and it can definitely be the deciding factor of you getting an interview opportunity, and possibly a future position at the nonprofit/company you're applying to!

I'm currently building [1Academy](https://1academy.org), so if you have any questions, feel free to message me on [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/calix-huang/)!


Which Programming Language Should I Learn First?


I've been asked by multiple high school students what programming language they should learn first. Now, there are many articles and blog posts talking about this exact subject, but from my perspective of a high school student, I would like to give a direct answer.

In my opinion, the best programming language to learn first would be either Python or Javascript. Why? Here you go.

I learned Python first. The syntax and flow of Python is so simple and straightforward, that I find it even more understandable than block-programming. It's a great way to learn fundamentals, but it is still the \#1 most popular programming language, and has potential in data science and ML/AI, along with options in web development. It is a great programming language to start on and continue in. A lot of people may say otherwise because there are definitely better technologies/languages to use for certain applications, but for a beginner just starting out, it's a great choice to start on.

Javascript is also a great option. It's easy to learn, it's very popular, and it's a very powerful programming language. It is used heavily in web and app development, and it is starting to take over native mobile app programming languages. It is marked as one of the programming languages of the future, and whether this is true or not, I would encourage everyone to learn Javascript at some point in their career. I used to hate Javascript, but after a while of using it, I started to love it! Even this blog is built in Javascript! (Next.js + React)

Whichever programming language you decide to start on is completely fine, whether it be Python or Javascript or something else. Because chances are, you'll be pivoting sometime in the future. I hope this helped somebody who was confused on where they should start and every single article on this topic out there just said "it depends".

I'm currently building [1Academy](https://1academy.org), so if you have any questions, feel free to message me on [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/calix-huang/)!


What’s Programming Used For Nowadays?


“Programming is cool, but I’m more interested in \[insert different field here\]. Should I still get into it?”

Time and time again, teachers, grandparents, parents, and others have been famous for dispelling the use of technology. But what most people fail to realize is the prevalence of technology in our lives. Even if you don’t personally know how to code or do so much as navigate a website without assistance, software is everywhere. Nowadays, there are barely any fields that don’t include some type of software or technology for enhancement.

And to prove it...

## IT/Computer Science
This one is pretty obvious. This field does not incorporate programming; it is programming. Computer science and information technology are quite literally the field of programming software to create specified results, whether that is in the form of an online program, a hardware function, or something else entirely.

## Scientific Research/Experimentation
Within this field, there are several instances in which programming is helpful. This is typically concentrated in two areas: experimental devices and result analysis. Most devices used today are a form of hardware, and hardware cannot exist without software (essentially programming). In aeronautical science, each individual function of a Mars Rover works because of a pre-programmed sequence describing how the device should respond to each external stimulus. In radiological sciences, the fission and fusion is not done by hand or even hand-operated devices. The human- induced error would be gargantuan! Each device is programmed to release electrons at a certain time and with a certain angle, in a precise manner. On the analysis side, programming can take large quantities of numerical data and instantly graph or plug them into a series of equations. Anyone who has worked with an excel sheet has certainly witnessed that technological magic.

## Math
Although programming is applicable in many areas of mathematics, as coding itself is a mathematical process, the largest element of programming within math is calculators! Calculators are tiny boxes of mathematical code. The original computers were calculators, hence the name.  

## Health/Medical Field
Similar to the scientific research area, most devices and result analyses use some form of programming. Life support is programmed. The medicine dosage rates on IVs are programmed. Pacemakers are programmed. Surgical devices, as aforementioned, are programmed. MRI machines are programmed. The blood pressure analyzers, thermometers, and pulse oximeters used across doctors offices, school nurse offices, and households all use programming. Similarly, each piece of data collected in doctors’ offices is entered in online databases, which, guess what, are programmed!

## Economics/Business
The corporate world is littered with programming. Almost every financial speculation is based on code; the entire field is numbers. However, the greatest case of programming within economics is the stock market itself. The stocks app on your phone is programmed, tracking stock fluctuations outside of that handy app is based in programming, and even buying and selling stocks themselves is a largely programmed interaction. Plus, no one can forget advertising, a staple of the corporate world. There are algorithms that use search histories and (although not proven in most cases) keywords extrapolated from the data picked up by your phone microphone to tailor ads specifically to you.

## Manufacturing
As of the industrial revolution, the manufacturing process, as I’m sure you all know, has become increasingly mechanized. The machinery that builds plastic utensils, crafts car parts, and even makes some of the ready-made-meals you can find in the grocery store are computer-based and hence, programmed.

## Government/Policy
Streaming that presidential debate, the Google search to find Trump’s latest tweet, completing the census on a laptop or phone, and that petition you clicked “sign” on at Change.org are all examples of how programming is used in the political field. Additionally, resources are distributed online, candidates build their own websites to further their campaigns, etc.

## Education
The programming of Edtech sites such as Khan Academy and Quizlet have revolutionized education. Before programming, no class would have been able to hold Kahoots or Quizlet Lives while children screamed “faster” at their partners and claimed misclicks on the day before a big test. Similarly, online grading systems have changed the field. Imagine waiting till the end of the quarter or semester to see your final grades as opposed to the minute by minute updates present in contemporary education. Teacher and school websites, too, have caused a drastically new approach to the entire system. Even my co-founder Michael Ye and I have been building 1Academy, breaking the payment barrier on high-quality content and courses created by sites like Udemy and Skillshare.

## Physical Art
While the production of physical, not digital, art is still technology-free (although I’m sure there are instances…), artists have begun programming websites to share their art with the world. Art shows and competitions transitioning online have allowed a greater audience and wider economic outreach for artists, as well.

## Writing/Journalism
Magazines and newspapers converting themselves into online entities has not only saved the trees, but increased the outreach of news. Additionally, youth have received opportunities to program their own websites for their own journals, magazines, or newspapers, granting experiences and an influx of future opportunities. People have also been able to create careers out of blogging or “vlogging,” such that Youtube and Tik Tok are careers rather than hobbies.

## Sports
Despite what many may think, the athletic industry is one of the most programmed of all. The score boards are constantly being programmed and reprogrammed to reflect player/team statistics, respond to penalties or score changes, depict advertisements or player histories, and have a constantly draining and halting clock. In addition to these, the infatuation with statistics and charting almost every movement a player makes uses a great deal of programming. Even still, sports marketing is a growing field. The industry is pretty much made up of teams, programmers, and the occasional broadcaster.

## Fashion/Beauty
This industry, although not the typical programmer’s avenue, is far from left out of the hype. Entire apps and websites have been constructed surrounding matching outfits, makeup tutorials, and skin care regimens. Programming has allowed for sites in which you can “shop” and ‘try on” clothing online through uploading pictures and some bodily statistics. Like other industries also, websites, blogs, etc. have transformed the industry.

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No matter if you identify as a traditional techy, a novice in the world of programming, or even just wondering if you should get into it, programming holds a significant role in society, and it’s definitely worth learning for people in any field.

I'm currently building [1Academy](https://1academy.org), so if you have any questions, feel free to message me on [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/calix-huang/)!

Written by Elizabeth Field, edited by [Calix Huang](https://www.linkedin.com/in/calix-huang/).


Why Syntax Errors Will Make You a Better Software Engineer


We’ve all been there. You’re coding, and when you run the code, it crashes. You see the error, and it’s a syntax error. Now, most developers groan, and look at the traceback and try to fix the error with no enthusiasm. But, I’ve grown to enjoy syntax errors. I don’t necessarily seek them out and dance with joy when I see them, but I’ve grown to accept them and have understood how helpful they are.

You may be wondering, how in the world can syntax errors be helpful? Sure, in context, syntax errors are not helpful. But what they make you do subconsciously is very beneficial, and I plan to point those things out.
Whatever your stance is on syntax errors, I believe that syntax errors help you become a better software engineer.

# Syntax errors make you more observant

You have to be observant, meticulous, and detail-oriented to efficiently seek out and solve syntax errors. This becomes human nature — if you’re observant, you can solve these errors quickly and easily. But, if you’re not so observant, you really have to look closely and slow down at what you’re reviewing. You must read code line by line, looking at each and every single character just to see what you did wrong. Now, I’m no neurologist, but going through this process over and over again helps your neurons fire, essentially building certain skills. This skill is not something specific towards programming, but skill in general of being more observant and detail-oriented.

Personally, I’ve found that over time, I’ve gotten better at reading my code and other people’s code and finding flaws in it syntactically. I’ve also gotten more observant in general. I’ve started noticing little details that I’ve never noticed before and on a frequent basis. Though being observant may not sound like the most amazing skill in the box, it’s one that’s required to becoming a great software engineer, and it’s a skill that’s used in everyday life.

# Syntax errors make you more persistent

Being observant is not all there is to fixing syntax errors. You need to be persistent. Some syntax errors are easy to find and fix: maybe you forgot a parenthesis or an ending quotation mark, but some are harder to find: maybe you misspelled something or forgot to capitalize a letter. Either way, you probably won’t find the error right away. I’ve spent 2–3 seconds on syntax errors, but also several days just finding that one variable I misspelled. It’s helped me become more persistent in finding errors, debugging them, and fixing them.

A lot of students that I mentor give up way too easily. They call me over the moment they have a syntax error, which is usually a 2-second fix. Though you need to be persistent to fix syntax errors, a lot of the time it’s not that hard to solve.

# Syntax errors will make you more resourceful tool-wise

This may sound a little bit far-fetched, but in the software engineering industry, using the tools around you can improve your efficiency immensely. Things like debuggers, word-searchers, and syntax validators are extremely helpful.

## Debuggers
If you don’t know what debuggers are, they are pieces of software that run inside IDEs (Integrated Development Environment) and some text-editors. They help you freeze time at certain breakpoints in your code, and check the values of certain variables and function outputs. Debuggers are used a lot for logic and operational errors but can help a lot in checking where your syntax error lies and will point it out for you.

## Word Searchers
Something as simple as a word searcher can go miles. Especially for something like a misspelling of a word, you can simply look up the name of the variable you think you misspelled, as see if it exists in the place where you hypothetically misspelled it. I’ve used this to help me fix syntax errors dozens of times, and I feel like it is highly underrated by developers. Sometimes the simplest tools can make the biggest differences.

## Syntax Validators
You may or may not have heard of syntax validators, but they are external resources that can syntactically validate your code and point out errors in indentation or missteps. For example, JSONLint is really helpful for validating JSON code. I’ve used it numerous times when I run into merge conflicts with my JSON files, and it always saves the day.

Syntax validators are not the first tools that I use, but it is a very good last line of defense.

# Conclusion

I hope that I did syntax errors justice. Many developers dread them, but we should grow to appreciate them, and truly understand why they are helpful to solve. It can help improve our skills related to programming, but also skills outside of the field. It has definitely improved my skill and efficiency as a software engineer, and it can definitely do the same for yourself.

For beginners who are taking an online tutorial or in-person classes, try to fix the error yourself. Try to fix syntax errors on your own before calling a mentor or posting a question on an online forum. It will help you understand your code much better, and will, in turn, help you learn a lot more about programming in general.

I'm currently building [1Academy](https://1academy.org), so if you have any questions, feel free to message me on [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/calix-huang/)!


Why Teaching Kids Has Made Me a Better Software Engineer


I work with kids a lot. I work a part-time job teaching and mentoring kids learning how to code, and I also volunteer at a nonprofit organization to help mentor kids to learn how to code as well.

Anyone who knows me well enough can say without hesitation that I don’t work well with kids. I’m awkward and a little bit shy when working with kids, but I’ve gotten better over the last few months. Over that time, I’ve noticed that I’ve gotten better at explaining certain topics, breaking down hard concepts, and even learned a few new things!
I’ve learned that teaching kids forces you to truly understand what you’re doing, and here are some reasons why I believe this is the case.

# Kids will question you

It is known that a child’s favorite question is, “Why?”. From my experiences, this statement could not be more true. Whenever I try to explain a topic to a student, concept, or piece of terminology, I can never say another word without that student asking me, “Why?”. Sometimes, it’s a simple explanation. But, sometimes it’s a question that leaves me speechless, and you can’t help but question your own knowledge as well.

Students have asked me that question numerous times, and it’s pushed me to research deeper into the concept at hand and fully understand what I was explaining. It has not only validated that I don’t always truly understand what I’m teaching but also pushed me to understand it better.

# Kids don’t understand the topic as you do

You know more than the student. Chances are, if you’re teaching someone, you probably know more about the topic at hand. It’s important to understand that kids aren’t on the same level of knowledge as you and that they won’t always understand what you’re talking about. It’s led me to realize that when explaining certain topics, it doesn’t make sense to the student when I use fancy terminology or vocabulary. Even words as common as “processing”, “network”, or “storage” sound like a different language to some students. The worst part is that kids usually won’t tell you when they don’t understand something. They will continue to listen to you without understanding what you’re saying, making your whole explanation completely useless.
This has taught me to explain terminology when I use it, or to find alternatives to using it. It goes back to truly understand the topic at hand. If you don’t truly understand what you’re teaching, it won’t make it any easier for the student to learn.

# Kids will remind you of what you don’t know

Part of the reason why I was able to land a part-time job and a volunteering position was because I understood software engineering, and was completely capable of teaching kids how to code. But, everyone has holes in their knowledge, and teaching kids has definitely exploited defects in my knowledge. I was once teaching a student basic Javascript principles, and he asked me a question that had to do with how the event loop worked. Up until that point, I only had a vague idea of how the event loop worked, and I wasn’t able to give him a good answer to that question.

It made me realize that I didn’t understand a very crucial concept in JavaScript, and it pushed me to understand it better.
Whether you were teaching a concept you thought you knew but really didn’t, or a concept you had no idea you didn’t understand, teaching kids can show you that you don’t truly understand what you’re doing, and you still have a lot to learn. This is not just specific to software engineering or computer science, but any field. We are all students, and teaching kids is something that’s helped me develop in my knowledge in ways I could’ve never imagined.

I'm currently building [1Academy](https://1academy.org), so if you have any questions, feel free to message me on [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/calix-huang/)!
